Core Function Unpack
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=== Remarks === | === Remarks === | ||
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| + | Its worth noting you can cycle through a Binary variable like this : | ||
| + | <syntaxhighlight lang="sputnik"> | ||
| + | $binary = Pack("z0", "Hello World!") | ||
| + | For $i In $binary | ||
| + | println( "Byte: " . $i . " | Hex: " . Hex($i) . " | Char: " . Chr($i) ) | ||
| + | Next | ||
| + | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
==== Control Specifiers ==== | ==== Control Specifiers ==== | ||
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=== Example === | === Example === | ||
Revision as of 23:40, 11 November 2011
Unpack( <expression>, <binary-array> )
Contents |
Description
Pack data into a binary array
expression
The format string to use.
binary-array
An array of bytes such as one provided by the Pack function.
Return Value
Success: Returns the data requested as a int, double, string or an array of data. Failure: Returns empty array.
Remarks
Its worth noting you can cycle through a Binary variable like this :
$binary = Pack("z0", "Hello World!") For $i In $binary println( "Byte: " . $i . " | Hex: " . Hex($i) . " | Char: " . Chr($i) ) Next
Control Specifiers
| Character | Description |
| ^ | Switch to big endian encoding |
| _ | Switch to little endian encoding |
| % | Switch to host (native) encoding |
| ! | Aligns the next data type to its natural boundary, for example for a double that would be 8 bytes, for a 32-bit int, that would be 4 bytes. For strings this is set to 4. |
| N | A number between 1 and 9, indicates a repeat count (process N items with the following datatype |
| [N] | For numbers larger than 9, use brackets, for example [20] |
| * | Repeat the next data type until the arguments are exhausted |
Data Encoding
| Character | Description |
| s | Int16 |
| S | UInt16 |
| i | Int32 |
| I | UInt32 |
| l | Int64 |
| L | UInt64 |
| f | float |
| d | double |
| b | byte |
| c | 1-byte signed character |
| C | 1-byte unsigned character |
| z8 | string encoded as UTF8 with 1-byte null terminator |
| z6 | string encoded as UTF16 with 2-byte null terminator |
| z7 | string encoded as UTF7 with 1-byte null terminator |
| zb | string encoded as BigEndianUnicode with 2-byte null terminator |
| z3 | string encoded as UTF32 with 4-byte null terminator |
| z4 | string encoded as UTF32 big endian with 4-byte null terminator |
| z0 | ASCII string without a null terminator |
| z1 | ASCII string with 1-byte terminator |
| $8 | string encoded as UTF8 |
| $6 | string encoded as UTF16 |
| $7 | string encoded as UTF7 |
| $b | string encoded as BigEndianUnicode |
| $3 | string encoded as UTF32 |
| $4 | string encoded as UTF-32 big endian encoding |
| x | null byte |
Example
Convert a string into a binary array and back again:
$arr = Pack("z0", "Hello World!") For $i In $arr println($i) Next $str = Unpack("z0", $arr) println($str)
Convert a dobule into a binary array and back again:
$arr = Pack("d", 777.42) For $i In $arr println($i) Next $str = Unpack("d", $arr) println($str)
Convert a int into a binary array and back again:
$arr = Pack("d", (int)777) For $i In $arr println($i) Next $str = Unpack("d", $arr) println($str)
Convert a string into a hex and back again:
$hex = Join(Unpack("*H", Pack("z0", "Hello World!")), '') println("Hex String: " . $hex) $str = Unpack("z0", Pack("h", $hex)) println("Normal String: " . $str)
To pack two integers in big endian format, you would use this:
$bytes = Pack ("^ii", 1234, 4542);
More Examples:
; The following means: ; Little endian encoding of a Int16, followed by an aligned ; int32 value. $r = Pack("_s!i", 0x7b, 0x12345678); For $i In $r print(Hex($i) . " ") Next ; Prints 7B 0 0 0 80 56 34 12 $bytes = Pack("CCCC", 65, 66, 67, 68) println($bytes) ; Prints 4-byte sequence for "ABCD" $bytes = Pack("4C", 65, 66, 67, 68) println($bytes) ; Prints 4-byte sequence for "ABCD" $bytes = Pack("*C", 65, 66, 67, 68) println($bytes) ; Prints 4-byte sequence for "ABCD" $bytes = Pack("^ii", 0x1234abcd, 0x7fadb007) For $i In $bytes print(Hex($i) . " ") Next println("") ; Result: 12 34 ab cd 7f ad b0 07 ; Encode 3 integers as big-endian, but only provides two as arguments, ; this defaults to zero for the last value. $bytes = Pack("^iii", 0x1234abcd, 0x7fadb007) For $i In $bytes print(Hex($i) . " ") Next println("") ; Result: 12 34 ab cd 7f ad b0 07 00 00 00 00 ; Encode as little endian, pack 1 short, align, 1 int $bytes = Pack("_s!i", 0x7b, 0x12345678); For $i In $bytes print(Hex($i) . " ") Next println("") ; Result: 7b 00 00 00 78 56 34 12 ; Encode a string in utf-8 with a null terminator $bytes = Pack("z8", "hello") For $i In $bytes print(Hex($i) . " ") Next println("") ; Result: 68 65 6c 6c 6f 00 00 00 00 ; Little endian encoding, for Int16, followed by an aligned ; Int32 $bytes = Pack("_s!i", 0x7b, 0x12345678) For $i In $bytes print(Hex($i) . " ") Next println("") ; Result: 7b 00 00 00 78 56 34 12
